首页 学生生活 学生服务 第九条 不正当的性行为

不正当的性行为

政策及程序

Nebraska state law defines various violent and/or nonconsensual sexual acts as crimes. 另外, 中央社区学院 has defined categories of sexual misconduct for which action under this policy may be imposed. 一般来说, the college considers nonconsensual sexual intercourse violations to be the most serious and therefore typically imposes the most severe sanctions, 包括对学生的停学或开除以及对员工的解雇. 然而, 学院保留施加任何程度制裁的权利, 从谴责到停职或开除/解雇, 任何不当性行为或其他基于性别的犯罪, 包括亲密伴侣或关系(约会和/或家庭)暴力, nonconsensual sexual contact 和被人跟踪 based on the facts and circumstances of the particular grievance.

Acts of sexual misconduct are defined as an action committed by any person upon any other person, 无论性别如何, 性别, 参与者的性取向和/或性别认同. 使用酒精或其他药物永远不能成为任何行为的借口.

性骚扰 

教育部民权办公室(OCR), 平等就业机会委员会(EEOC), 内布拉斯加州认为性骚扰, 一种特殊形式的歧视性骚扰, 作为一种非法的歧视行为. 中央社区学院 has adopted the following definition of 性骚扰 in order to address the unique environment of an academic community.  任何人对任何其他人都可以实施性骚扰行为, 无论性别如何, 性取向, 和/或相关人员的性别认同. 性骚扰, 作为一个总括类别, 包括性骚扰罪, 性侵犯, 家庭暴力, 约会暴力, 和被人跟踪, 定义为:

基于性别的行为，满足以下一项或多项:

  1. 交换条件:
    • 他是中央社区学院的雇员，
    • conditions the provision of an aid, benefit, or service of the 中央社区学院,
    • on an individual’s participation in unwelcome sexual conduct; and/or
  2. 性骚扰:
    • 不受欢迎的行为, 
    • 由通情达理的人决定
    • 如此严厉，而且
    • 无处不在,
    • 客观地进攻, 
    • that it effectively denies a person equal access to 中央社区学院’s education program or activity.[1]
  3. 性侵犯，定义为:
    • 性犯罪，暴力:
      • 任何针对他人的性行为， 
      • 未经投诉人同意， 
      • 包括投诉人无法给予同意的情况.
    • 强行强奸:
      • 渗透, 
      • 无论多么微不足道， 
      • 阴道或肛门与任何身体部位或物体，或
      • 由他人的性器官口交插入; 
      • 未经投诉人同意.
    • 强行鸡奸:
      • 与他人进行口交或肛交; 
      • 强制,
      • 和/或违背该人的意愿(非双方同意)，或 
      • not forcibly or against the person’s will in instances in which the Complainant is incapable of giving consent because of age[2] 或因为暂时或永久的精神或身体丧失能力.
    • 用物体性侵犯:
      • 用物体或工具穿透; 
      • 然而,
      • 另一个人的生殖器或肛门开口;
      • 强制,
      • 和/或违背该人的意愿(未经同意)，
      • or not forcibly or against the person’s will in instances in which the Complainant is incapable of giving consent because of age 或因为暂时或永久的精神或身体丧失能力.
    • 强行爱抚:
      • The touching of the private body parts of another person (buttocks, groin, breasts),
      • 为了性满足，
      • 强制,
      • 和/或违背该人的意愿(未经同意)，
      • or not forcibly or against the person’s will in instances in which the Complainant is incapable of giving consent because of age 或因为暂时或永久的精神或身体丧失能力.
    • 非强制性犯罪:
      • 乱伦:
        • 非强制性交;
        • 在有血缘关系的人之间，
        • 在内布拉斯加州法律禁止结婚的范围内. 
      • 法定强奸罪:
        • 非强制性交;
        • with a person who is under the statutory age of consent of 16 years old, per Nebraska law.
  4. 约会暴力，定义为:
    • 暴力,
    • 基于性别，
    • 由某人犯下的罪行;
    • who is in or has been in a social relationship of a romantic or intimate nature with the Complainant.
      • The existence of such a relationship shall be determined based on the Complainant’s statement and with consideration of the length of the relationship, 关系的类型, 以及关系中双方互动的频率. 就本定义而言-
      • 约会暴力包括, 但不限于, 性虐待或身体虐待或这种虐待的威胁.
      • Dating 暴力 does not include acts covered under the definition of 家庭暴力.
  5. 家庭暴力，定义为:
    • 暴力,
    • 基于性别，
    • 投诉人的现任或前任配偶或亲密伴侣犯下的罪行，
    • 与投诉人有共同子女的人，或
    • 由与之同居的人, 或与…同居, 作为申诉人的配偶或亲密伴侣, or
    • by any other person against an adult or youth Complainant who is protected from that person’s acts under the domestic or family 暴力 laws of Nebraska.
      *将某一事件归类为家庭暴力, the relationship between the Respondent and the Complainant must be more than just two people living together as roommates. The people cohabitating must be current or former spouses or have an intimate relationship.
  6. 跟踪，定义为:
    • 从事某种行为的;
    • 基于性别，
    • 针对一个特定的人，那
      • 会让一个理智的人担心自己的安全，还是
      • the safety of others; or
      • 遭受严重的情绪困扰.
    • 就本定义而言-
      • 行为过程是指两个或两个以上的行为, 包括, 但不限于, 被申请人直接参与的行为, 间接, 或者通过第三方, 通过任何行动, 方法, 设备, 或者意味着, 遵循, 监控, 观察, 监视, 威胁, 或与人交流或关于人交流, 或干涉他人的财产.
      • Reasonable person means a reasonable person under similar circumstances and with similar identities to the Complainant.
      • Substantial emotional distress means significant mental suffering or anguish that may but does not necessarily require medical or other professional treatment or counseling. 

-As used in the offenses above, the following definitions and understandings apply:

力量: Force is the use of physical 暴力 and/or physical imposition to gain sexual access. 武力也包括威胁, 恐吓(暗含的威胁), 以及旨在克服抵抗或产生同意的强迫(例如.g.“和我做爱，不然我就打你”，“好吧，别打我，我照你说的做。.”).

被强迫的性行为是, 通过定义, 不经同意, 但非自愿的性行为不一定是被迫的. 沉默或没有抵抗本身并不是同意. 没有反抗并不代表同意. While resistance is not required or necessary, it is a clear demonstration of non-consent.

强迫:强制是 不合理的 性行为压力. Coercive conduct differs from seductive conduct based on factors such as the type and/or extent of the pressure used to obtain consent. When someone makes clear that they do not want to engage in certain sexual activity, 他们想要停止, 或者他们不想超过某一点的性互动, 超过这一点的持续压力可能是强制性的.

同意 is:

  • 知道,
  • 自愿的,和
  • 明确的许可
  • 通过言语或行动
  • 从事性活动.

因为个体可能以不同的方式经历相同的互动, it is the responsibility of each party to determine that the other has consented before engaging in the activity. 

如果在参与活动之前没有明确表示同意, consent may be ratified 通过言语或行动 at some point during the interaction or thereafter, 但强烈鼓励从一开始就进行清晰的沟通. 

同意是有效的, there must be a clear expression in words or actions that the other individual consented to that specific sexual conduct. 可以隐含合理的回报. 例如, 如果有人吻你, 你可以回吻他们(如果你想的话)，而不需要明确地获得 他们的 同意对方回吻. 

一旦同意，也可以撤回, 只要撤军是合理而明确的. If consent is withdrawn, that sexual activity should cease within a reasonable time.

同意 to some sexual contact (such as kissing or fondling) cannot be presumed to be consent for other sexual activity (such as intercourse). A current or previous intimate relationship is not sufficient to constitute consent. 

Proof of consent or non-consent is not a burden placed on either party involved in an incident. 而不是, the burden remains on the 中央社区学院 to determine whether its policy has been violated. The existence of consent is based on the totality of the circumstances evaluated from the perspective of a reasonable person in the same or similar circumstances, 包括指称事件发生的背景和任何类似情况, 以前的模式可能被证明. 

关系中的同意也必须结合具体情况来考虑. 当双方同意BDSM[3] 或者其他形式的纠结，不同意可以通过使用安全词来表示. 电阻, 力, 暴力, 甚至说“不”也可能是纠结的一部分，因此是双方自愿的, so 中央社区学院’s evaluation of communication in kink situations will be guided by reasonableness, rather than strict adherence to policy that assumes non-kink relationships as a default.